What is the process known as extradition?

Extradition refers to a formal legal process whereby one country relinquishes a person accused or convicted of a crime to another country. This process is typically governed by international treaties or domestic laws that outline the specific circumstances under which extradition is permitted. It is essential in maintaining cooperation between countries in combating criminal activities that cross borders, ensuring that individuals cannot evade justice simply by fleeing to another jurisdiction.

The rationale behind extradition lies in the recognition that criminal behavior does not respect national boundaries, and therefore countries work together to uphold accountability and facilitate legal proceedings. This process often involves rigorous legal and diplomatic engagements, ensuring that the rights of the individual subject to extradition are also considered.

The other options do not align with the legal definition of extradition. While resolving disputes between countries may involve various diplomatic methods, it does not specifically refer to the surrender of individuals for prosecution. Similarly, while transferring a detainee to a different judicial system involves a form of legal handling, it does not capture the essence or formal nature of extradition. Negotiations to avoid legal conflicts also fall outside the parameters of extradition, which is concerned specifically with criminal surrender rather than the prevention of legal disputes.